Yarn / Fiber Dyeing Tutorial
Dyeing your own roving or yarn can be very rewarding and a lot of fun. It can also be very useful if you find yourself in possession of some wonderful fiber that just isn't quite the right color for you. There are some great colorists out there that work wonders with dyes - let them inspire you. Everyone has their own unique eye when it comes to color and you will create something that is very much your own. I have outlined the basic steps here to give you a starting point to get your feet wet so to speak.
Fill sink with water as warm as you can still handle and add about a half cup of vinegar.
Prior to dyeing, soak wool for about 20-30 minutes to open up the fibers.
Measure out dye and hot water according to recommendations on the packaging or throw caution to the wind and do it however you like. Remember, the more dye, the more saturated the color, the less dye the less saturated. Dye should be mixed in a disposable container or glass container that will only be used for this purpose. Utensils and containers cannot be used for food preparation after being used for dye. You can experiment with variations and depth of color, as well as blended colors.
Add vinegar to your dye mixes. I like to use several variations of the main color and will often mix the main color and disperse it to three different containers. Keeping one container as is, I will 'doctor' the other two enhancing the shades with differing colors or just making them lighter or darker.
Squeeze water from the wool or yarn, do not wring or twist. Lay out two sheets of plastic wrap overlapping the sides then add a third sheet covering the overlapping seam. This helps to keep the dye from leaking while steaming. Lay out the wool/yarn in the center of the plastic wrap to apply dye.
Dye can be applied using many things. I typically use a turkey baster, paint brush and straws. You can saturate the wool or leave areas of the original color showing through. In this case, I saturated the wool using dyes in different hues but the same tones then added some areas of darker tones, then some darker tones again. I also flipped the wool over to make sure both sides were saturated through. You can dye it in stripes or blend colors throughout, or a combination of both, whatever works for you.
Once the wool is dyed, roll the wool in the plastic wrap lengthwise keeping as much air out as possible then secure the ends by twisting them very good. The ends can then be twisted together forming a circle and the cirle laid in the steamer. Cover and steam until the dye has exhausted. When this occurs, the water in the plastic wrap will appear clear or at least much lighter. For dark shades I usually give it at least 30 minutes, for light shades it can be quite quick.
Once the dye exhausts you have to cool the wool prior to washing it so it doesn't felt. I would do the same with superwash even though the felting isn't a problem. You can remove the wool from the steamer by picking it up by the twisted ends of the plastic wrap. Holding both ends up, untwist one and set that end in a strainer, hold the other end up and untwist slowly. This will allow the water to start draining out and the wool to slide out without having to touch it. BEWARE - IT IS VERY HOT! Continue unwrapping until wool slides into the strainer. Then allow it to cool to the touch (this takes awhile, just leave it be until it cools) and squeeze out the excess water. Do not wring or twist, just squeeze.
Fill the sink with warm water that matches the temperature of the wool or warmer. It is very important not to place warm wool in cold water or the fibers lock down and felt togther. Once the sink is full turn off the water, put some soap in your hand and rinse the soap into the water. This adds the soap without causing suds - you do not want sudsy wool, it takes forever to rinse.
Once the soap is dispersed into the water (I use liquid hand soap), add the wool and just let it soak for about 20 minutes. Do not stir it about! Wet wool felts and you don't want to do that accidently after all your hard work. After it soaks, squeeze out the water again and set it back in the strainer.
Fill the sink with clean water the same temperature as the water you washed it in and add about a quarter cup of vinegar. Add the wool and soak for another 20 minutes. The vinegar cuts the soap so it rinses clean and doesn't leave any residue. Again, do not stir it about or handle it any more than absolutely necessary.
After 20 minutes, squeeze out the water again and set it out on an old towel. Fold the other half over and step on it to soak as much water up as possible.
Hang the wool to dry and put an old towel under it to catch any potential drips. Unless it is really humid, wool usually dries in about 24 hours.
Once it is dry, admire your work and your wool is now ready for use.
I will add some helpful hints and suggestions in a follow up post with the lace yarn I overdyed next. If you have any questions, or if I missed something let me know and I will add it. This is only one way to do it, there are many others including kettle dyeing or even baking it in the oven. Each method yields different results, it is all your preference. Experiment and enjoy! |